The northern lights, or aurora borealis, are caused by interactions between the Earth's atmosphere and charged particles from the sun. These collisions emit light visible in polar regions and can vary in color and intensity based on the type of gas involved and the level of solar activity.

Yes, Iceland is one of the best locations to view the northern lights due to its high latitude, minimal light pollution, and long, dark winters. The optimal months for aurora viewing are from October to March, when the nights are the longest.

The northern lights can be seen in Iceland from September to April, with the peak season from mid-September to mid-April. The chances of sightings are higher during these months due to extended hours of darkness and frequent clear skies.

Dressing warmly is crucial due to the cold, often windy conditions. To stay comfortable while waiting for the lights to appear, wearing thermal layers, a windproof jacket, insulated pants, warm boots, and accessories like hats, gloves, and scarves is recommended.

While the appearance of the northern lights can never be guaranteed due to their unpredictable nature, the likelihood increases with proper planning around real-time solar activity and weather forecasts. Many tour operators offer repeat tours free of charge if the lights are not visible on the initial outing.